1. Low-Voltage Transformers
Definition:
Low-voltage transformers operate at voltages typically below 1,000 volts (1kV) on the secondary side. They are frequently utilized in residential, commercial, and light industrial applications.
Voltage Range: Up to 1kV (usually 110V, 220V, 480V
Applications:
- Home and office electrical systems
- Lighting systems (e.g., LED, halogen lights)
HVAC systems and control circuits - Telecommunication and IT equipment
Design:
- Compact and lightweight
- Often encapsulated for environmental protection
- Air-cooled or dry-type designs are common.
Types:
- Control Transformers: Used in control panels for machinery.
- Lighting Transformers: Reduce voltage for lighting systems.
- Isolating Transformers: Provide galvanic isolation for sensitive equipment.
Advantages:
- Easy installation and maintenance
- Safer for home and commercial environments
- Cost-effective and energy-efficient.
2. High-Voltage Transformers
Definition:
High-voltage transformers operate at voltages above 1,000 volts (1kV), typically used in power generation, transmission, and heavy industrial systems.
Voltage Range: Typically from 1kV to 765kV or higher.
Applications:
- Power transmission and distribution
- Industrial and power plant applications
- Renewable energy systems (wind, solar farms)
- Traction and railway systems
Design:
- Large, heavy-duty construction
- Oil-cooled or gas-insulated for cooling and insulation
- Advanced protection and monitoring systems for safety and reliability.
Types:
- Power Transformers: Used in substations for high-voltage grid interconnections.
- Instrument Transformers: Current transformers (CT) and voltage transformers (VT) for metering and protection.
- Distribution Transformers: Step-down high voltage for local electricity distribution.
Advantages:
- Enables long-distance electricity transmission
- Reduces power losses in transmission lines
- Supports high-demand industrial and utility operations.
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